ASTM A179: Standard Specification for Seamless Cold-Drawn Low-Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser Tubes

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ASTM A179: Standard Specification for Seamless Cold-Drawn Low-Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser Tubes

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ASTM A179: Standard Specification for Seamless Cold-Drawn Low-Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser Tubes

ASTM A179 is a standard specification established by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) that outlines the requirements for seamless cold-drawn low-carbon steel tubes used in heat exchangers and condensers. These tubes are commonly employed in various industrial applications, especially in the heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration (HVACR) industry.

ASTM A179 covers minimum-wall-thickness, seamless cold-drawn low-carbon steel tubes for tubular heat exchangers, condensers, and similar heat transfer apparatus. 

ASTM A179 covers tubes 1⁄8 to 3 in. [3.2 to 76.2 mm], inclusive, in outside diameter. 

NOTE 1—Tubing smaller in outside diameter and having a thinner wall than indicated in this specifification is available. Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1⁄8 in. [3.2 mm] in outside diameter or with a wall thickness under 0.015 in. [0.4 mm].

Chemical Composition: The steel shall conform to the following requirements as to chemical composition:

Carbon, %

0.06–0.18

Manganese, %

0.27–0.63

Phosphorus, max, %

0.035

Sulfur, max, %

0.035

Key Features and Scope of ASTM A179:

1. Low-Carbon Steel: ASTM A179 specifies that the tubes must be made from low-carbon steel, which contains a minimal amount of carbon. This low carbon content makes the tubes suitable for cold-forming and ensures their excellent weldability.

2. Seamless Construction: The standard covers seamless tubes, which are manufactured without any welding or joining processes. Seamless tubes are preferred for heat exchangers and condensers to minimize the risk of leakage.

3. Heat Exchanger and Condenser Tubes: ASTM A179 tubes are primarily designed for use in heat exchangers and condensers, where they facilitate the exchange of heat between fluids or gases. They are also used in similar applications that require efficient heat transfer.

4. Cold-Drawn Process: The manufacturing process involves cold drawing, where the tubes are drawn through a die to achieve the desired dimensions and smooth surface finish. This process enhances the mechanical properties and surface quality of the tubes.

5. Dimensions and Tolerances: ASTM A179 provides detailed guidelines for the dimensions, tolerances, and wall thickness of the tubes to ensure they meet specific size and quality standards.

6. Pressure and Temperature Ratings: The standard includes specifications for various grades of low-carbon steel tubes, each with different pressure and temperature ratings. These grades are designated as Grade A and Grade C, with Grade C having higher mechanical properties.

7. Testing and Inspection: ASTM A179 includes requirements for various tests and inspections to verify the quality and integrity of the tubes. Common tests include hydrostatic testing, flaring, flattening, and hardness tests.

8. End Finishes: The standard specifies various types of end finishes for the tubes, such as plain ends, beveled ends, and threaded ends, to meet different installation and connection requirements.

ASTM A179 tubes are widely used in industries where efficient heat exchange is essential, including power generation, chemical processing, petrochemical plants, and HVACR systems. They are favored for their excellent thermal conductivity, reliability, and durability in demanding environments.

Engineers and industry professionals often refer to ASTM A179 when selecting heat exchanger and condenser tubes to ensure that the tubes meet the necessary quality and performance standards for efficient and safe heat transfer applications.

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